Crypto Ecosystems
Layer 2s and Scaling
December 7, 2022, 1:15PM EST
• 14 min read

2022 Review of Zero-Knowledge Rollups and Validiums

Arnold Toh

Quick Take

  • This is a section adapted from The Block Research’s 2023 Digital Asset Outlook report
  • The total value locked of zero-knowledge rollups and Validiums in 2022 has fallen significantly, likely due to the ongoing bear market
  • However, certain protocols have managed to retain a substantial fraction of their users despite the market downturn
  • While off-chain data availability solutions (Validiums) are becoming increasingly common, the largest two protocols by TVL still remain on-chain data availability solutions (ZKRs)
  • General purpose ZKRs such as zkSync 2.0 and StarkNet have moved into their alpha launch stage, which is a potential catalyst for ZKRs’ growth

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